1. Creole is used to refer to former pidgins. It is a dialect or language which is the result of contact between the language of a colonizing people and the languages of a colonized people. It is the result of language contact between the French, Spanish, English and Dutch.
2. Patois refers to a geographical dialect which differs from the standard language of a country.
3. Dialectal Variation is the differences in the use of language within a speech community.
4. Code switching is the ability to switch between language varieties or to move from one language to another.
5. Language register refers to the manner of speaking or writing specific to a certain function that is appropriate to a particular purpose or situation. This has to do with the levels of formality or informality as well as the tone and appropriateness of these choices.
6. Language continuum is a spectrum of a variation linking the more standard end of the range with the conservative creole extreme.
7. Dialect refers to a regional or socially definitive variety of a language identified by a particular set of words and grammatical structure.
8. Idiolect refers to language use that is peculiar to an individual speaker.
9. Sociolect refers to a geographically defined variety of a language.
10. Diglossia is a language situation in which two codes exist, sharing one level of structure (vocabulary), but differing at other levels (pronunciation and grammar).
11. Variation refers to the changes in language in response to various influences such as geographical, educational, social, and individual and group factors.
12. Vernacular is the mother tongue. It is the native language of a speech community which is often used in contrast with the institutionalized standard language. It is the language that is spoken in the home by the mother and is passed on to the child.
13. Bilingualism is a situation in which two languages exist and both are spoken by the people. For example in St. Lucia English and French Creole are spoken as well as in the Netherlands Antilles Dutch and Papiamentu are spoken by the people.
14. Multilingualism is a situation in which several languages coexist in a speech community. For example in Belize and Trinidad.
15. Monolingualism is a situation in which there is only one language existing in a country.
16. A language community refers to all the speakers of a particular language. They do not have to reside within the same geographic location.
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